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賓語(yǔ)從句知識點(diǎn)總結
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：在復合句中，賓語(yǔ)從句部分要用陳述語(yǔ)序。
(1) 陳述句作由that引導的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不用調整。
(2) 一般疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其結構為whether / if +陳述句。原一般疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)前如果是助動(dòng)詞do / does / did，應去掉，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應改為其相應的形式;原一般疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)前如果是don’t / doesn’t / didn’t，則直接將其放到主語(yǔ)之后;原一般疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)前如果是be 動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞，則應將其放到主語(yǔ)之后。如：
Does he like apples? I don’t know. ----- I don’t know whether he likes apples.
He asks: Is Tom a diver? ----- He asks whether Tom is a driver.
(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， 如果疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)，其語(yǔ)序不用變化;如果疑問(wèn)詞充當其他句子成分，則賓語(yǔ)從句的結構為連接代詞 / 連接副詞+陳述句。如：
Who can answer the question? I want to know. ----- I want to know who can answer the question.
Whose book is on the desk? We all know. ----- We all know whose book is on the desk.
When will they arrive? Please tell us. ----- Please tell us when they will arrive.
賓語(yǔ)從句的引導詞
(1) 陳述句作賓語(yǔ)從句引導詞用that。that在從句中不充當任何句子成分，無(wú)實(shí)際意思，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如：
He said (that) it was cold in Moscow. Mother knows (that) Jim will work hard.
(2) 一般疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句引導詞用whether或if。whether或if表示“是否、是不是”的意思，不能省略。如：
I want to know if / whether the answer is right. Lucy asked if / whether they had a cheaper shirt.
(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句引導詞用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞，只不過(guò)在賓語(yǔ)從句中稱(chēng)作連接代詞或連接副詞。連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中充當一定的句子成分，有一定的意思，不能省略。如：
Please tell him which class you are in. He asked me whom I was waiting for.
Could you tell me where the post office is? Please ask the teacher how we can get there.
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